Уровень С. Классическое эссе
The Importance of the Olympic Games
People have been thinking about their health since the time immemorial. The main way to keep fit is going in for sports. That is why the Olympic Games, which have long history, were organized. And this year, Russia is honored to host the winter Olympic Games. So how will they affect us and our country?In my opinion, these Games will play a very important role in the history of the Russian Federation. First of all, we can show our hospitality, our traditions and our culture to people all over the world. I know that foreigners have some stereotypes about Russia, so these Games can break them. Secondly, it will be a great opportunity for our people to communicate and make more friends among guests from different countries. That will make our international relationships stronger.
But some people claim that holding Olympic Games is not a very good idea, because the country has to invest really a great deal of money to organize the ceremonies, build stadiums, hotels and Olympic Games objects and equipment for stadiums and athletic halls.
I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe the more you give, the better results you will have. So this money will worth it.
In conclusion, I would like to say that Russia is famous for its hospitality and “a wide soul”. I believe that this event will help us become one big family, enjoy all this time and support our country in these important competitions.
Люди начали задумываться о своем здоровье с незапамятных лет. Основной путь поддержания себя в форме – это занятия спортом. Поэтому были организованы Олимпийские Игры, которые имеют свою длинную историю. В этом году, Россия удостоена чести принимать Зимние Олимпийские Игры у себя в гостях. Так как это повлияет на нас и нашу страну?
По моему мнению, эти игры сыграют огромную роль в истории Российской Федерации. В первую очередь, мы сможем показать нашу гостеприимность, наши традиции и нашу культуру людям со всего мира. Я знаю, что иностранцы имеют некоторые стереотипы о нашей стране, так что это событие поможет их разрушить. Во-вторых, это будет замечательной возможностью для нашего народа пообщаться с людьми из разных стран и завести себе друзей среди иностранцев. Это поможет нашим международным отношениям стать сильнее.
Но некоторые считают, что проведение Олимпийских игр не очень хорошая идея, так как государству следует вкладывать огромное количество денег в организацию. В строительство стадионов, гостиниц и различных Олимпийских объектов и оборудование для стадионов и манежей.
В заключение я бы хотела сказать, что Россия известна своей гостеприимность и «широкой душой». Я верю, что это событие поможет нам стать одним целым, насладиться этим временем и поддержать нашу сборную в этом сложном соревновании.
The Olympic Games are one of the most spectacular reminders of the debt we owe to the Greeks.
The original Olympic Games were held every four years in honour of Zeus, the supreme god of Greek religion. The first record of the games dates from 776 B.C., but it is certain that they existed prior to that. They were held continuously for over 1.000 years until they were abolished in the reign of King Theodosius about 392 A.D. The Olympic festival was a great unifying bond between the Independent city-states of Greece.
The important sports in the original Olympic Games were running, jumping, wrestling, throwing the discus and throwing the javelin. Only men competed and they wore no clothes in order to have greater freedom of movement. Each competitor had to take the Olympic Oath - a promise to behave in a sportsman-like fashion.
The modern Olympic era began in 1894 when Frenchman Baron Pierre de Coubertin decided to revive the ancient Greek tradition of celebrating health, youth and peace with a sports festival. Baron de Coubertin created the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the first modem Olympiad took place in Athens in 1896. Since then the Olympic Games have been held every four years with only two exceptions because of the two world wars.
Even though the modern Olympic Games embrace the whole world, the connection with Greece is still very strong. A lighted torch is brought all the way from Greece, carried by a relay of runners, in order to light the Olympic Flame which bums all through the Games. As in ancient Greek times, the competitors still take the Olympic Oath. The long-distance race is still called the Marathon. Marathon was a village about 26 miles from Athens. In the year 490 BC the Greeks defeated a powerful Persian army at that spot. After the fierce day"s fighting a soldier volunteered to bring news of the victory to the anxious citizens of Athens. He ran all the way and after gasping out the message. "Rejoice, we conquer!" he collapsed and died.
One important rule of the Olympic Games is that the competitors must be amateurs. This rule has been under a lot of pressure in recent years because modem sport is so professional and competitive. Athletes train for years to take part in the Olympics and some countries spend much more than others on equipment and facilities. But despite these pressures, the amateur rule remains.
In modern times the Olympic movement has become an enormous and expensive organisation, It"s controlled by the International Olympic Committee, which consists of members from all the participating countries. The IOC is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It chooses the locations of both summer and winter games (both take place once very four years, with winter games half a year before summer Olympiads). It also controls the rules of the competitions and selects new Olympic sports. The famous flag of the IOC shows five rings of different colours linked together. The rings represent the five continents.
Содержимое:
Updated on June 14, 2013 By Admin
Традиция Олимпийских игр идет из Древней Греции. Мы знаем, что первые Олимпийские игры были проведены в городе Олимпия более 2700 лет назад. На пять дней в стране прекращались все войны и проводились спортивные состязания. Это был замечательный спортивный праздник борьбы, состязаний в беге, метания диска и других видах спорта. Игры организовывались и проводились вплоть до 393 года. Затем более чем 1700 лет об Олимпиадах ничего не было слышно. Первые современные Олимпийские игры были проведены в Афинах в 1896 году. Они проводятся каждые четыре года. Игры не проводятся в стране, которая находится в состоянии войны. Вот почему во время двух мировых войн Олимпийских иф не было. Во время Олимпийских игр проводятся соревнования и состязания по многим видам спорта. Состязания по летним видам спорта проводятся летом, во время летних Олимпийских игр. Зимние Олимпийские игры проводятся в этом же году, но в другой стране. Знаменитые спортсмены считают честью участвовать в играх. Они соревнуются в футболе, волейболе, баскетболе, боксе, тяжелой и легкой атлетике, гимнастике, гребле и многих других летних видах спорта. Во время зимних Олимпийских игр многие команды из различных стран принимают участие в соревнованиях по фигурному катанию, лыжному спорту, фристайлу, хоккею и других видах зимнего спорта. Олимпийские игры очень популярны в нашей стране. Все любители спорта смотрят игры по телевизору, а многие из них наблюдают события вживую и поддерживают свои национальные команды.
Перевод на английский :
The tradition of the Olympic Games runs back to ancient Greece. We know that the first Olympic Games took place in the town of Olympia more than 2700 years ago. There was no war in the country for these five days when sports competition took place. It was a great athletic festival of wrestling, foot-racing, discus throwing and others. The Games were organized and held up to the year of 393. Then, for more than 1700 years nothing more was heard of the Olympiads. The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896. They take place every fourth year. The Games cannot take place in a country which is at war. That’s why there were no Olympic Games during the two world wars. During the Olympic Games there are tournaments in many kinds of sport. Summer sports competitions take place in summer during the Summer Olympic Games. The Winter Olympic Games are held the same year but in a different country. Famous sportsmen are proud to participate in the Games. They compete in football, basketball, volleyball, boxing, weight-lifting, field athletics, gymnastics and many other kinds of sport. At the Winter Olympic Games many teams from different countries take part in competitions in figure-skating, skiing, free-style, ice-hockey and other winter sports. The Olympic Games are very popular in our country. All sports fans see the Games on TV and many of them see the events live and support their national team.
Olympic Games
The world"s greatest international sports games are known as the Olympic Games.
The Olympic idea means friendship, fraternity and cooperation among the people of the world. The Olympic Movement proves that real peace can be achieved through sport.
The Olympic emblem is five interlinked rings: blue, yellow, black, green and red. Any national flag contains at least one of these colours.
The original Olympic Games began in ancient Greece in 776 B.C. These games were part of a festival held every fourth year in honour of God Zeus at the place called Olympia. It was a great athletic festival, including competitions in wrestling, foot racing and chariot racing, rowing and others.
The games were for men only. Greek women were forbidden not only to participate but also to watch the Olympics.
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896. Then they were resumed in London after the Second World War. Since then the Olympics are held every fourth year in different countries.
The ancient
Greeks had no winter sports. Only in 1924 the first Winter
Olympic Games were held in France. Now they are being held
regularly.
Олимпийские игры
Самые известные в мире спортивные игры - Олимпийские.
Идея игр - дружба, братство и согласие народов мира. Олимпийское движение доказывает, что мир может быть достигнут благодаря спорту.
Олимпийская эмблема - пять переплетенных колец: голубое, желтое, черное, зеленое и красное. Флаг любой страны имеет хотя бы один из этих цветов.
В первый раз Олимпийские игры были проведены в Древней Греции в 776 году до н. э. Они были частью фестиваля, проводящегося каждый четвертый год в честь бога Зевса в Олимпии. Это был грандиозный спортивный праздник, включавший в себя соревнования по борьбе, бегу, езде на колесницах, гребле и др.
К играм допускались только мужчины, женщинам запрещалось не только участвовать, но и наблюдать.
Первые современные Олимпийские игры были проведены в 1896 в Афинах. Потом они были возобновлены в Лондоне после Второй мировой войны. С того времени Олимпийские игры проводятся каждый четвертый год в различных странах.
У древних греков не было зимних
видов спорта. Только в 1924 году во Франции состоялись первые
Зимние Олимпийские игры. Сейчас они проводятся регулярно.
Questions:
1. What are the
world"s greatest sports games?
2. What does the Olympic idea mean?
3. What is the Olympic emblem?
4. Why have these colours been chosen?
5. When and where did the original Olympic Games begin?
6. Did women participate in the games?
7. When were the first modern Olympic Games held? Where?
8. Are the Olympics held in the same place?
9. When did the Winter Olympic Games start being held? Where?
Vocabulary:
peace - мир
fraternity - братство
contain(s) - содержать
ancient - древний
B.C. (before Christ) - до нашей эры
Zeus - Зевс
to participate - участвовать
to resume - возобновлять
| 2014 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Events | [ tuː ˈθaʊzn̩d ˌfɔːˈtiːn əˈlɪmpɪk ənd ˌperəˈlɪmpɪk ˈwɪntə ɡeɪmz ɪˈvents ] | |
| Olympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi | [ əˈlɪmpɪk ˈwɪntə ɡeɪmz əv tuː ˈθaʊzn̩d ˌfɔːˈtiːn ɪn ˈsotʃi ] | Олимпийские зимние игры 2014 года в Сочи |
| winter olympic sports | [ ˈwɪntər əˈlɪmpɪk spɔːts ] | |
| alpine skiing | [ ˈælpaɪn ˈskiːɪŋ ] | горные лыжи / горнолыжный спорт |
| biathlon | [ baɪ"æθlən ] | биатлон |
| bobsleigh (BrE) / bobsled (AmE) | [ ˈbɒbsleɪ ] [ ˈbɒbsled ] | бобслей |
| cross-country skiing | [ krɒs ˈkʌntri ˈskiːɪŋ ] | лыжные гонки |
| curling | [ ˈkɜːlɪŋ ] | кёрлинг |
| figure skating | [ ˈfɪɡə [ ˈskeɪtɪŋ ] | фигурное катание (на коньках) |
| freestyle (skiing) | [ ˈfriːstaɪl ] [ ˈskiːɪŋ ] | (лыжный) фристайл |
| ice hockey | [ aɪs ˈhɒki ] | |
| luge | [ luːʒ ] | санный спорт |
| nordic combined | [ ˈnɔːdɪk kəmˈbaɪnd ] | лыжное двоеборье |
| short track (speed skating) | [ ʃɔːt træk ] [ spiːd ˈskeɪtɪŋ ] | шорт-трек |
| skeleton | [ ˈskelɪtn̩ ] | скелетон |
| ski jumping | [ skiː ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ ] | прыжки на лыжах с трамплина |
| snowboarding | [ "snəubɔːdɪŋ ] | сноубординг |
| (long track) speed skating | [ ˈlɒŋ træk ] [ spiːd ˈskeɪtɪŋ ] | скоростной бег на коньках (конькобежный спорт) |
| Olympic vocabulary | [ əˈlɪmpɪk vəˈkæbjʊləri ] | |
| amateur | [ ˈæmətə ] | любитель |
| anthem | [ ˈænθəm ] | гимн |
| banned | [ bænd ] | запрещенный |
| broadcaster | [ ˈbrɔːdkɑːstə ] | ведущий / комментатор |
| compete | [ kəmˈpiːt ] | соревноваться |
| contestant | [ kənˈtestənt ] | участник соревнований |
| controversy | [ ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi ] | разногласие |
| doping | [ ˈdəʊpɪŋ ] | допинг |
| facilities | [ fəˈsɪlɪtɪz ] | (cпортивные) сооружения |
| fanfare | [ ˈfænfeə ] | фанфары |
| host | [ həʊst ] | страна-хозяйка олимпиады |
| humanity | [ hjuːˈmænɪti ] | человечество |
| mascot | [ ˈmæskət ] | талисман |
| medal | [ ˈmedl̩ ] | медаль |
| motto | [ ˈmɒtəʊ ] | девиз |
| nationality | [ ˌnæʃəˈnælɪti ] | гражданство |
| oath | [ əʊθ ] | клятва |
| participant | [ pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt ] | участник |
| partisanship | [ ˌpɑːtɪˈzænʃɪp ] | несправедливое судейство (обычно по политическим причинам) |
| postpone | [ ˌpəust"pəun] | перенести (начало соревнований) |
| preliminaries | [ prɪˈlɪmɪnərɪz ] | предварительные соревнования |
| purity | [ ˈpjʊərɪti ] | чистота |
| qualify | [ ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ ] | пройти квалификацию на соответствие минимальным требованиям |
| representative | [ ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv ] | представитель |
| security | [ sɪˈkjʊərɪti ] | охранник |
| spectator | [ spekˈteɪtə ] | зритель |
| sponsor | [ ˈspɒnsə ] | спонсор |
| spokesman | [ ˈspəʊksmən ] | человек (часто - спортсмен), представляющий компанию на рынке или в сми |
| sportsmanship | [ ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp ] | спортивный дух честности и справедливости |
| stamina | [ ˈstæmɪnə ] | выносливость |
| standings | [ ˈstændɪŋz ] | положение в турнирной таблице |
| substitute | [ ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt ] | запасной игрок, выходящий на замену |
| swifter | [ ˈswɪftə ] | быстрее |
| symbol | [ ˈsɪmbl̩ ] | символ |
| torch | [ tɔːtʃ ] | факел |
| venue | [ ˈvenjuː ] | место проведения игр, (спортивная площадка и т. п.) |
| victory | [ ˈvɪktəri ] | победа |
Summer Olympic Games (Text)
By Kenneth Beare
The Summer Olympic Games will be held in London, England beginning July 17, 2012. Competitors from around the world will compete for the gold, silver or bronze medals. For some athletes, winning is not a real possibility. However, they will strive to set personal and / or national bests in their events. Of course, many world records will also be broken during these games. The intensely competitive nature of the games, the strong national pride involved and the challenge in facing the best athletes from around the world combine to demand the top performances from each individual.
In a world where soccer (football), basketball, golf and tennis dominate television broadcasts, the Summer Olympic Games provide a chance to observe sports not usually covered. When was the last time you watched water polo, or fencing? Chances are you watched them during the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Greece. In this age when many people are fortunate enough to have cable TV connections, spectators can watch a wide variety of athletic competitions.
Athletics and wrestling are probably the oldest sports in the Olympic Games. The tradition of these sports goes back to the original games held in ancient Greece over 2500 years ago. Some of my favorite events include the javelin throw, the high jump and the pole vault, as well as the hurdles. There will also be a wide variety of water sports that include canoeing, sailing and diving. Naturally, swimming is probably the most popular water sport with a wide variety of competitive events including backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, freestyle and more.
The summer games also include a number of events that have recently been introduced to the games. Kayaking and mountain biking, baseball and beach volleyball are just a few. I certainly haven"t mentioned all the sports - who would want to miss gymnastics - but you get the idea. Turn on your TV, relax and enjoy a moment of peace and togetherness in this struggling world of ours. The Summer Olympic Games provides an example that we all should follow: competition with respect.
